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Endometriosis

What is Endometriosis?

Did you know that an estimated 2% to 10% women in the age group of 25 to 40 develop endometriosis?

Endometrium is the tissue that lines the uterus. Patients with endometriosis tend to have a similar type of tissue outside the uterine cavity. Endometrial tissue that develops outside the uterus is known as endometrial implant.

The hormonal changes resulting from the menstrual cycles can affect the endometrial tissue causing it to grow, thicken & breakdown. This can lead to:

  • Irritation
  • Scar Formation
  • Adhesions
  • Severe pain
  • Fertility Problems

What are the symptoms of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?

Endometriosis can occur in any of the following areas:

  • Fallopian tubes
  • Ovaries
  • Area between uterus & rectum
  • Area between uterus & bladder
  • Outer surface of the uterus
  • Lining of the pelvic cavity

In some rare cases, the endometrial tissue may develop in the intestines, rectum, bladder, vagina, cervix or the vulva.

What are the Signs & Symptoms of Endometriosis?

  • Intestinal discomfort
  • Persistent Lower back and pelvic pain
  • Problems with the stomach. Diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, and nausea are common symptoms, especially during menstrual cycles
  • Pain during or after sex
  • Menstrual cramps
  • Bleeding or spotting between menstrual periods
  • Painful bowel movements or urination during menstrual cycles

What are the Causes of Endometriosis?

There has been a lot of research on what causes this medical condition, but it is still unclear as to why some women experience this illness. However, there are certain factors that can put you at risk.

What are the Causes of Endometriosis?

Diagnosis of Abnormal Uterine Disorder involves a number of diagnostic tests such as the following:

  • Never giving birth
  • Early menstrual periods
  • Going through menopause at an older age
  • Menstrual cycles of less than 27 days
  • Periods that last more than 7 days
  • Higher levels of oestrogen in the body
  • Family history
  • Diseases of the reproductive tract

Diagnosing Endometriosis

  • Pelvic examination to check for cysts or scars
  • Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan or MRI
  • Laparoscopy
  • Biopsy

What are the treatments for Endometriosis

While there is no cure for endometriosis, there are many treatment approaches that can help you manage the symptoms better. Treatment depends on several factors such as:

Treatment for AUB may include one or more of the following:

  • Patient's overall health & medical history
  • Patient's current symptoms
  • Patient's desire for pregnancy

Treatment Options include:

Pain Medications: The patient may be recommended either over the counter pain medicines or Non-Steroidal Anti Inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like Ibuprofen or naproxin.

Hormonal Therapy: Hormones can help lower the amount of oestrogen in the body & can stop the periods. This can reduce inflammation scarring & formation of cysts.

Surgical Intervention: There are three surgical techniques that may be used to treat endometriosis. These include:

Laparoscopy: This is a minor surgical procedure in which the laparoscope is inserted into the abdominal wall to see the pelvic area & remove the endometrial growths. Dr. Nupur Anand Shukla is an expert gynaecological laparoscopic surgeon and is the best doctor for treatment of endometriosis.

Laparotomy: This is a relatively more extensive surgery that involves removal of as much displaced endometrium as possible without damaging healthy tissues. Dr. Nupur Anand Shukla is an expert in performing laparotomy, with experience of over 10 years.

Hysterectomy: This involves removal of the uterus, cervix & ovaries. These organs make oestrogen & oestrogen can cause the growth of the endometrial tissue. This is known as total hysterectomy.

There are two other types of hysterectomies - Radical Hysterectomy & Subtotal Hysterectomy.

In subtotal hysterectomy, only the upper part of the uterus is removed leaving the cervix in place. In radical hysterectomy, which is generally performed when cancer is present, the entire uterus, cervix & the upper part of vagina are removed.

Dr. Nupur Anand Shukla is the best gynaecologist & laparoscopic surgeon for performing Hysterectomy. She has successfully performed over 1000+ hysterectomies & is acclaimed to be the best.